Amavili ombane wemoto:

Kwishishini leemoto, amavili e-alloy ngamavili enziwe kwi-alloy ye-aluminiyam okanye i-magnesium.I-alloys yingxube yesinyithi kunye nezinye izinto.Ngokuqhelekileyo zibonelela ngamandla amakhulu ngaphezu kweentsimbi ezicocekileyo, ezihlala zithambile kakhulu kwaye zine-ductile.Iialloyi ze-aluminiyam okanye i-magnesium zihlala zikhaphukhaphu kumandla afanayo, zibonelela ngokuqhutywa kobushushu obungcono, kwaye zihlala zivelisa inkangeleko ephuculweyo yezithambiso phezu kwamavili entsimbi.Nangona intsimbi, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ekuveliseni ivili, iyingxubevange yentsimbi kunye nekhabhoni, igama elithi “ivili lengxubevange” lidla ngokugcinelwa amavili enziwe kwi-alloys engasebenziyo.

Amavili alula anokuphucula ukuphatha ngokunciphisa ubunzima be-unspring, ukuvumela ukumiswa ukuba kulandele umhlaba ngokusondeleyo kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukubamba, nangona kunjalo ayizizo zonke iivili ze-alloy zilula kunezilinganisi zazo zentsimbi.Ukuncitshiswa kobunzima besithuthi bubonke kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha.

Ukuqhuba ubushushu obungcono kunye noyilo lwevili oluvuleleke ngakumbi lunokunceda ukutshabalalisa ubushushu obuvela kwiziqhoboshi, nto leyo ephucula ukusebenza kweziqhoboshi kwiimeko zokuqhuba ezifuna kakhulu kwaye icuthe ithuba lokuncipha kokusebenza kweziqhoboshi okanye nokusilela ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo.

Amavili e-alloy nawo athengelwa iinjongo zokuthambisa nangona iialloyi ezinexabiso eliphantsi ezisetyenzisiweyo ziqhele ukunganyangeki ku-corrosion.I-alloys ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikhangayo zokugqitywa kwesinyithi, kodwa ezi zifuna ukutywinwa ngepeyinti okanye ivili.Nokuba kukhuselwe njalo amavili asetyenziswayo ekugqibeleni ayakuqala ukugqwala emva kweminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 kodwa ukulungiswa kwakhona kufumaneka ngokubanzi ngeendleko.Iinkqubo zokuvelisa zikwavumela uyilo oluntsonkothileyo, olungqindilili.Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amavili entsimbi ahlala ecinezelwe ukusuka kwishiti lesinyithi, kwaye emva koko adityaniswe kunye (kaninzi eshiya amaqhuma angabonakaliyo) kwaye kufuneka apeyintwe ukuphepha ukubola kunye / okanye ukufihlwa ngamavili / ii-hub caps.

Amavili e-alloy abiza kakhulu ukuvelisa ngaphezu kwamavili ensimbi aqhelekileyo, kwaye ngoko ke kaninzi awabandakanyi njengezixhobo eziqhelekileyo, endaweni yoko athengiswa njengezongezo ezikhethiweyo okanye njengenxalenye yepakethe ye-trim ebiza kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, amavili e-alloy aye axhaphake kakhulu ukususela ngo-2000, ngoku anikezelwa kwiimoto zoqoqosho kunye ne-subcompact, xa kuthelekiswa neshumi leminyaka ngaphambili, apho amavili e-alloy ayengakhethi kwimizi-mveliso kwiimoto ezingabizi.Amavili e-alloy kudala aqukwa njengesixhobo esisemgangathweni kwixabiso eliphezulu lokunethezeka okanye iimoto zemidlalo, ezinobungakanani obukhulu okanye "ezikhethekileyo" zamavili e-alloy.Iindleko eziphezulu zamavili e-alloy zibenza babe nomtsalane kumasela;ukuchasa oku, abenzi beemoto kunye nabathengisi bahlala besebenzisa amantongomane okutshixa afuna isitshixo esikhethekileyo ukususa.

Uninzi lwamavili e-alloy luveliswa kusetyenziswa ukuphosa, kodwa ezinye zenziwe.Amavili okwenziwa aqhele ukuba khaphukhaphu, omelele, kodwa abiza kakhulu kunamavili atyhidiweyo.Kukho iindidi ezimbini zamavili abunjiweyo: isiqwenga esinye kunye nemodyuli.Amavili abunjiweyo emodyuli anokuba noyilo lweziqwenga ezimbini okanye ezintathu.Amavili aqhelekileyo aneziqwenga ezininzi abandakanya isiseko serim yangaphakathi, umlebe wangaphandle werim kunye nesiqwenga esisembindini sevili esinemingxuma yeelug nuts.Zonke iinxalenye zevili lemodyuli zibanjwa ngeebholiti.I-Rayone KS001 lelinye lawona mavili aziwayo aneemodyuli ezithathu ngokomzekelo.

Ukhetho olukhulu lwamavili e-alloy luyafumaneka kubanini beemoto abafuna ukukhanya, ukubukeka okubonakalayo, okunqabileyo, kunye / okanye amavili amakhulu kwiimoto zabo.Nangona ukutshintshwa kwevili eliqhelekileyo lentsimbi kunye nokudityaniswa kwamatayara kunye namavili e-alloy alula kunye namavili eprofayili anokuthi asezantsi kunokubangela ukunyuka komsebenzi kunye nokuphatha, oku akubambeli xa kusetyenziswa amavili amakhulu.Uphando lwemoto kunye nomqhubi oluqhutywa kusetyenziswa ukhetho lwamavili alloy ngokwahlukileyo ukusuka kwi-15 "ukuya ku-21" kwi-(38,1cm ukuya kwi-53,34 cm) zonke zifakwe ngendlela efanayo kunye nomzekelo wamatayara zibonise ukuba zombini isantya kunye noqoqosho lwamafutha. ukhathazwe ngamavili amakhulu.Baye baqaphela ukuba ukukhululeka kokukhwela kunye nengxolo yayichatshazelwa kakubi ngamavili amakhulu.

Iindlela zeMveliso:

Ukuqulunqaingenziwa ngenkqubo enye okanye yamanyathelo amaninzi efoging evela kwii-alloys ezahlukeneyo ze-magnesium, idla ngokuba yi-AZ80, ZK60 (MA14 eRashiya).Amavili avelisiweyo ngale ndlela aqhele ukuba nokuqina okuphezulu kunye ne-ductility kunamavili e-aluminium, nangona iindleko ziphezulu kakhulu.

Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokuphosa ukufa (HPDC).Le nkqubo isebenzisa idayizi ecwangciswe kumatshini omkhulu onegunya lokuvala eliphezulu lokucinezela ukufa okuvaliweyo.I-magnesium etyhidiweyo igalelwa kwityhubhu yokuzalisa ebizwa ngokuba ngumkhono wokudubula.Ipiston ityhala isinyithi kwidiyizi ngesantya esiphezulu kunye noxinzelelo, i-magnesium iyaqina kwaye kufa kuyavulwa kwaye ivili liyakhululwa.Amavili avelisiweyo ngale ndlela anokubonelela ngokunciphisa ixabiso kunye nokuphuculwa kokumelana nokubola kodwa angaphantsi kwe-ductile kunye namandla aphantsi ngenxa yobume be-HPDC.

Uxinzelelo oluphantsi lweDie casting (LPDC).Le nkqubo idla ngokuqesha intsimbi yokufa, icwangciswe ngaphezu kwe-crucible egcwele i-magnesium etyhidiweyo.Uninzi lwesiqhelo i-crucible ivalwa ngokuchasene ne-die kunye noxinzelelo lomoya / umxube wegesi yokugquma isetyenziselwa ukunyanzela isinyithi esityhidiweyo sinyuse ityhubhu yokuzalisa efana nendiza kwidiyizi.Xa zicutshungulwa kusetyenziswa iindlela zokuziqhelanisa ezingcono kakhulu amavili e-LPDC anokubonelela ngophuculo kwi-ductility ngaphezulu kwamavili e-magnesium ye-HPDC kunye nawo nawaphi na amavili e-aluminiyam atyhidiweyo, ahlala engaphantsi kwe-ductile kune-magnesium engumgunyathi.

Ukuphosa umxhuzulane.Amavili e-gravity-cast magnesium sele ekwimveliso ukusukela kwiminyaka yoo-1920s kwaye abonelela nge-ductility elungileyo, kunye neempawu ezihambelanayo ngaphezulu kwento enokwenziwa ngokuphosa i-aluminiyam.Iindleko zokusebenzisa izixhobo zamavili omxhuzulane aphakathi kwezona zingabizi kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo.Oku kuye kwavumela ukuveliswa kwebhetshi encinci, ukuguquguquka kuyilo kunye nexesha elifutshane lokuphuhlisa.